2025-04-04 17:35:35 +08:00
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# archlinux安装
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## 目录
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- [基础安装](#基础安装)
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- [修改控制台字体](#修改控制台字体)
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- [验证引导](#验证引导)
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- [验证网络和更改系统时间](#验证网络和更改系统时间)
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- [硬盘分区](#硬盘分区)
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- [安装基础软件包](#安装基础软件包)
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- [生成fstab](#生成fstab)
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- [chroot配置](#chroot)
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- [新系统](#新系统)
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- [换源](#换源)
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- [普通用户](#普通用户)
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- [KDE](#kde)
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## 基础安装
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### 修改控制台字体
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`/usr/share/kbd/consolefonts/` 存放字体的位置
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`# setfont ter-132b`
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### 验证引导
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`# cat /sys/firmware/efi/fw_platform_size`
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### 验证网络和更改系统时间
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`ip addr`
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`timedatectl`
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### 硬盘分区
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```bash
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parted /dev/sdX # 进入parted交互界面
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> mklabel gpt # 创建分区表格式
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gdisk /dev/sdX # 分区
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ef00 -> 1G
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ef02 -> 2M
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8300 -> /
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**先用最小系统启动**
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mkfs.fat -F 32 /dev/sdX1 # 分区格式化
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mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdX3
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mount /dev/sdX3 /mnt
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mount --mkdir /dev/sdX1 /mnt/boot
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```
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### 安装基础软件包
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`pacstrap -K /mnt xxx`
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+ base linux linux-firmware
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2025-04-17 12:53:23 +08:00
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+ grub efibootmgr
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2025-04-04 17:35:35 +08:00
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+ vim base-devel networkmanager archlinuxcn-keyring
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---
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以下是可以等系统启动后安装的
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+ sof-firmware
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+ yay
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2025-04-17 12:53:23 +08:00
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1. /etc/pacman.conf
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```
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[archlinuxcn]
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Server = https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/archlinuxcn/$arch
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```
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2.
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`pacman -S git base-devel && git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/yay.git && cd yay && makepkg -si`
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3. archlinuxcn
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```bash
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sudo pacman-key --lsign-key "farseerfc@archlinux.org"
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sudo pacman -Sy archlinuxcn-keyring
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sudo pacman -Syyu # 更新源
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sudo pacman -S yay # 直接安装 Yay
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```
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2025-04-22 18:31:13 +08:00
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+ man man-pages
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2025-04-17 12:53:23 +08:00
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+ gdisk
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+ bash-completion
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+ fcitx5-im fcitx5-rime fcitx5-chinese-addons # 输入法
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2025-04-04 17:35:35 +08:00
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+ alsa-utils # 声卡驱动
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+ 其他固件
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### 生成fstab
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`genfstab -U /mnt > /mnt/etc/fstab`
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### chroot
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```bash
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ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime # 配置时间
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hwclock --systohc
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vim /etc/locale.gen
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> 去掉 en_GB.UTF-8 以及 zh_CN.
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locale-gen
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vim /etc/locale.conf
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> LANG=en_US.UTF-8
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vim /etc/hostname
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> [hostname]
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passwd
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**安装引导**
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grub-install --target=i386-pc /dev/sdX
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grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
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umount -R /mnt
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reboot
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```
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## 新系统
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### 换源
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- `/etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist`
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```
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Server = https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/archlinux/$repo/os/$arch
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Server = http://mirrors.aliyun.com/archlinux/$repo/os/$arch
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Server = https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/archlinux/$repo/os/$arch
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```
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### 普通用户
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`useradd -m -G wheel username`
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`vim /etc/sudoers`
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### kde
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```
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pacman -S noto-fonts noto-fonts-cjk noto-fonts-emoji # 安装字体
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pacman -S plasma
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systemctl enable sddm
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2025-04-17 12:53:23 +08:00
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#### 使用原版输入法
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在设置 -> 输入法 -> 添加输入法 -> 取消勾选"仅显示当前语言" -> 双拼
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#### 雾凇
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2025-04-04 17:35:35 +08:00
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cd ~/.local/share/fcitx5/rime # 配置输入法
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git clone https://github.com/iDvel/rime-ice.git
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cp -r ./rime-ice/* .
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sudo usermod -a -G uucp $USER # 允许用户使用串口
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